JOTP-011
5 December 2014
APPENDIX A. BACKGROUND/RATIONALE
ANNEX 1. ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS
A.1-2.7 Sand and Dust (Appendix C, Annex 1, Paragraph C.1-9).
a. The sand and dust test (MIL-STD-810, Method 510, Procedures I and II) determines the
effects on munitions after exposure to dust and sand laden atmospheres. Dust consists of particle
sizes less than 150 microns. Sand has particle sizes greater than or equal to 150 microns.
Underwater launched munitions do not typically experience this environment as part of its LCEP,
so there would be no test requirement for these munitions.
b. Munitions may be exposed to sand and dust environments on a worldwide basis. The
greatest exposure would be expected during operations in desert regions due to vehicle convoys
and aircraft/helicopter movements. The movement of military vehicles in hot dry desert regions
or in areas where the surface is liable to break up into small particulate is liable to result in dust
and sand-laden atmospheres. Munitions may also be transported by personnel during operation of
aircraft on airfields and are likely to be directly subjected to artificially blown dust and sand.
Material deposited inside the munition may cause short-circuiting, build-up of static electricity,
interference between moving parts, and contamination of any lubrication systems. This JOTP
requires the munition to be tested in the most severe deployment configuration using the most
severe exposure parameters defined in Procedures I and II of Method 510.
A.1-2.8 Rain/Watertightness (Appendix C, Annex 1, Paragraph C.1-10).
The rain test (MIL-STD-810, Method 506, Procedure I) recommends using a 100 ± 20 mm/hr
severity for a duration of two hours. This severity is considered adequate to address exposure
throughout most of the world apart from tropical zones where rainfall rates can be much higher.
If deployment to tropical zones is anticipated then the munition should probably be subjected to
the higher severity of 200 ± 50 mm/hr. However, it should also be considered whether the
munition will actually be fielded during a tropical rainstorm. If not then the `typical' worldwide
severity would be adequate. This JOTP requires the munition to be tested in the most severe
transport configuration as determined by the LCEP. The wind speed of 18 m/s is consistent with
MIL-STD-810, Method 506, Procedure 1.
A.1-2.9 Icing (Appendix C, Annex 1, Paragraph C.1-11).
Munitions are likely to be exposed to severe icing in cold climates. The icing test (MIL-STD-810,
Method 521) determines the potential damaging effects of icing on the munition where stresses
are imposed at joints and interfaces of adjacent parts. Damage may also be incurred as a result of
the methods used to remove the ice and the subsequent accumulation of moisture after melting of
the ice. The principal sources of ice are frosting, freezing rain, refreezing of thawing snow, and
freezing of condensation. The thickness of the ice deposited on the item depends upon the duration
of the exposure and the contours of the munition. Medium ice loading conditions are required by
this JOTP with the munition being in the most severe deployment configuration as determined by
the LCEP.
A.1-8
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